Why is data minimization important in surveillance data sharing?

• A. To collect as much data as possible to maximize insights
• B. To delay data sharing
• C. To avoid reporting to public health authorities
• D. To protect privacy by collecting only necessary data and applying limits on data use

Answer: (D)

Data minimization is about collecting only what is strictly necessary for the stated purpose and restricting how that data can be used, stored, and shared. In surveillance data sharing, this reduces privacy risks because fewer data points mean fewer opportunities for mistakes, misuse, or breaches, and it makes it harder to identify individuals from the data. It supports purpose-limited use, appropriate retention, and strict access controls, which helps meet privacy laws and earn public trust. Collecting more data, delaying sharing, or avoiding reporting all fail to protect privacy and can create unnecessary risk or hinder meaningful public health action. So, protecting privacy by gathering only what’s necessary and limiting how data is used is the best approach.